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ADAM G, CULES, OF MAMARONEGK, NET YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN WELL-DRILLS.

Specilicatioii forming part oi' Letters Patent N0. 5 L9125, datedJanuary 9,1866; anledated January To all Iwhom it Imuy concern Be itknown that I, ADAM G. GOLES, of Mainaroneck, in the county ofWestchesterand State of New York, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in l)rilling-'l`ools for Boi` ing Oil or other Arte-sian\\"ells, and forother Drilling in the Earthls C-rnst; and I do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ot'the saine, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, formingpart ot' this specitication, in which- Figure l is a side view of thetool and a portion ofthe rod to which it is attached. Fig. L- is a.central vertical section of the saine; Fig. 3, an inverted plan otl thesame. Fie'. et is a transverse section ot' the same in the planeindicated by the line .r .r in Fig. 2.

Similar letters ot' reference indicate corresponding pa'rts in the fourfigures.

This invention consists in a'novel arrange ment ot' reversible movablecutters fitted to a stock, whereby great facility is afforded for theregrinding or repair of the cutters, and the liability ot' breaking thedrill or tool is greatly reduced.

lt further consists in a novel inode ot' securing` or fastening themovable cutters in the stock, whereby they are held very firmly whensecured. and facility is alitorded for their rcnioval whenever required.

1n order to instruct others skilled in the art to construct and apply myinvention, I will proceed to describe it, with reference to thedrawings.

A represents tlic lower portion otl the drillrod, which is enlarged atits lower extremity for a short distance iii the shape of the frustuinof a cone, to form' a stock for the reception ofthe chiselpointedcritters uy a a afb. In

the drawings there areiive cutters represented, viz., a central one, b,which is inserted into a socket bored into the center of the stock, andis secured by a transverse key, e, and four radial cutters, a u a u,which are inserted into longitudinal grooves cut in the exterior of thestock. l do not limit the number of radial cutters. The upper parts ot"the radial cutters are square, but have a head upon them of a dovetailforni, as shown at d (l in Fig. l, where a poi ion of thesecuring-collarl represented as broken out to expose one of thedovetails, istie.

formed heads. The grooves provided in the stock are ot' a corresponding`forni with the cutters, so that they can be inserted sidewise, witheither corner ot' the cutting-edge outward.

The collar B is made of a conical forni, ot` the same taper upon itsinteriorsurt'ace as the outer surface of the stock, and is placed overthe stock by passing it overtlie drill-rod t'i-om its upper end, and,when pushed tightly over the stock and upper portion ot' the radialcnttcrs. secures the same against any lateral dis placement, theirlongitudinal displacement in either direction beingI prevented by thedovetail form ot' the heads. )Vlien the coll-.ir is driven sufficientlydown upon the stock and cutters it is prevented from again rising orbecoming loose (until required) by means ot' a key,]', insertedtransversely through'thc stock. above the heads of the cutter. The lowerpart of this key rests against the upper edge ot' the collar B and holdsit securely in its place.

The lower part ot' the stock is beveled toward the center downward,which allows the' tool to clear itself from the detritus in drilling.The radial arrangement of these cut ters and their edges (shown in Figs.3 and 4) precludes any possibility ot' the tool following or drivinginto a creviceiii the rock or stone, thereby being broken or boring anuntrue and irregular hole, as so often occurs when the drill of theordii'iary chisel-pointed construction is used.

It' any ot' the cutters become broken or require regrinding, they may beremoved (after the tool is withdrawn from the hole) by tirst drawing outthe key f, and then driving up the collar B until it clears the top ofthe cutters a.

The outer corners ot' a boring-tool always wear ott' the quickest, andin order to renew them simply turn the cutters in an opposite positionwhen the collar B is moved upward clear ot' the cutters, thus presentingnew cutting-corners upon the outside, and producing a hole of uniformdiameter. To remove the central cutter the saine operation is necessary,with an addition of driving out the key g, which is insertedtransversely through the stock, e extends from one of the grooves whichreceives the r dial critters to a similar groove directly opposite, andpasses either through a hole in the cutter or through atransverse slotor key-seat'eut in its exterior.

The'key g need not necessarily be inserted as hereinbefore described,but ma be inserted clear through the stock. Y

The central cutter, b, will out a hole of a diameter slightly largerthan or of the same size as the space left uncut by Jthe radial eut tersa.

Having thus described inyinvention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The construction ot' a drill for drilling or boringoil or otherartesian wells, or other drilling operations in the earths crust, with aeentral cutter and a surrounding series of reversible movable radialcutters, substantially as herein speeilied.

2. The combination otl the dovetail-headed cutters a, d ay d, thelongitudinal grooves yin the stock, the surrounding` collar B, and thekey j', substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

A. Gr.' GOLES.

. Vituesses:

J. W. OooMns, GEO. W. REED.

